You're getting ready for a day lounging by the pool, but you pause as you slip on your favorite sandals. Instead of showcasing healthy, clear toenails, you see thick, yellowed, brittle nails that make you want to hide your feet. If this sounds all too familiar, you may be dealing with onychomycosis, the medical term for toenail fungus.
Toenail fungus is prevalent, affecting nearly 1 in 10 people. While it's not usually a serious health concern, it can be challenging to treat on your own. Fortunately, the podiatrists at Marvel Foot & Ankle Centers have the expertise and cutting-edge treatments to help you overcome this pesky problem. Find out what causes toenail fungus and how to prevent it. Learn about our nail fungus treatments that can restore your feet to health.
What is Toenail Fungus?
Toenail fungus is a fungal infection that affects the nail and surrounding skin. It can cause the nail to become thick, discolored, brittle, and even painful. There are several types of fungal infections seen in the toenails, including:
- Distal subungual onychomycosis (DSO): The most common type, DSO starts at the end of the nail and spreads toward the cuticle.
- Proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO): PSO begins at the base of the nail near the cuticle and spreads outward. It is more common in people with weakened immune systems.
- White superficial onychomycosis (WSO): This type affects the top layer of the nail, causing white spots or patches.
- Candidal onychomycosis: This type, caused by a yeast infection, can cause the nail to become thickened and discolored, with the skin around the nail often becoming inflamed.
Understanding Toenail Fungus: Causes and Risk Factors
Toenail fungus is caused by dermatophytes, a group of fungi that thrive in warm, moist environments. These fungi can invade your nail through small cracks or separations between the nail and nail bed. Several factors can increase your risk of developing toenail fungus, including:
- Wearing tight, closed-toe shoes. Shoes that don't allow your feet to breathe create an ideal environment for fungi to grow.
- Walking barefoot in communal areas. Locker rooms, public pools, and showers are common breeding grounds for fungi.
- Having a weakened immune system. Conditions like diabetes, circulatory problems, or a compromised immune system can make you more susceptible to fungal infections.
- Suffering from athlete's foot. The same fungi that cause athlete's foot can spread to your toenails.
- Experiencing nail damage. Injuries to your nail can create an entry point for fungi.
Preventing Toenail Fungus: Tips From Your Podiatry Team
While toenail fungus can be challenging to avoid entirely, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:
- Keep your feet clean and dry. Wash your feet daily with soap and water, and dry them thoroughly, especially between your toes.
- Trim your nails regularly. Keep your toenails trimmed straight across, and avoid cutting them too short (this can also prevent ingrown toenails).
- Choose breathable footwear. Opt for shoes made from materials that allow your feet to breathe. Alternate your shoes daily to let them dry out completely.
- Protect your feet in public areas. Wear flip-flops or sandals around locker rooms, pools, or showers.
- Don't share nail clippers or files. Sharing these personal items can spread fungal infections.
Diagnosing and Treating Toenail Fungus
If you suspect you have toenail fungus, it's essential to seek professional help. Our podiatrists can accurately diagnose your condition and recommend the most effective treatment plan for your needs. We may take a small sample of your nail for lab testing to confirm the presence of fungus and identify the specific type.
Treatment options for toenail fungus include:
- Topical medications. Antifungal creams, ointments, or medicated nail polish can be applied directly to the affected nail.
- Oral antifungal medications. These prescription drugs, taken by mouth, can be highly effective in treating fungal infections.
- Laser therapy. We offer advanced laser treatments that target the fungus without harming the surrounding skin or nail.
- Surgical removal. In severe cases, we may recommend removing the infected nail to allow a healthy new nail to grow in its place.
At Marvel Foot & Ankle Centers, our podiatrists will work with you to determine the best course of treatment based on the severity of your toenail fungus and your individual needs. We'll monitor your progress and adjust as needed to ensure the best possible outcome.