Diabetes doesn't just affect your blood sugar—it can also wreak havoc on your feet. Nerve damage, poor circulation, and slow healing put you at risk for serious foot problems. But you have the power to protect your feet. The following diabetic foot care tips, recommended by the foot and ankle specialists at Marvel Foot & Ankle Centers, can help you avoid complications and enjoy healthier feet for life.
Why Are Daily Foot Checks Important for People with Diabetes?
Diabetes can cause nerve damage that numbs your feet, making it hard to feel cuts, sores, or irritation. Poor circulation also slows healing. Checking your feet every day allows you to spot and treat minor problems before they become significant issues.
How to Do a Proper Diabetic Foot Check
- Set a reminder. Make foot checks part of your morning or bedtime routine so you never forget.
- Look for trouble spots. Inspect your feet, toes, and toenails for wounds like cuts, cracks, bruises, swelling, redness, or ingrown nails.
- Use a mirror for hard-to-see areas. Check the bottoms of your feet and between your toes.
- Don't ignore changes. If you notice anything unusual, contact your podiatrist immediately.
Can the Right Shoes Prevent Diabetic Foot Ulcers?
Ill-fitting shoes are a top cause of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. Shoes that are too tight can rub and cause blisters, while shoes that are too loose let your foot slide and cause friction. The right shoes protect your feet by providing a snug but comfortable fit, cushioning, and support. If necessary, your podiatrist may prescribe custom orthotics or recommend shoe inserts for optimal foot support.
Features to Look for in Diabetic Shoes
- Wide, deep toe box. Make sure you can wiggle your toes freely.
- Soft, seamless lining. Avoid rough stitching that could rub against your skin. Wear soft, seamless socks instead of tights or pantyhose.
- Cushioned soles. Look for shoes with extra padding to reduce impact.
- Breathable materials. Leather or canvas allows healthy airflow; avoid plastic shoes.
- Sturdy construction. Flimsy shoes can't protect your feet from bumps and pressure.
How Often Should People with Diabetes Moisturize Their Feet?
Diabetes can cause dry skin, leading to cracks that allow bacteria to enter. But moisturizing too much can lead to fungal infections. The key is balance. Moisturize your feet every time you wash them, but avoid applying moisturizer to the areas between your toes.
The 3-Step Diabetic Foot Moisturizing Routine
- Wash feet with warm water and mild soap. Hot water and harsh soaps can dry out your skin.
- Pat (don't rub) feet completely dry. Don't forget between your toes!
- Apply a thin coat of fragrance-free lotion to the tops and bottoms of your feet, but avoid applying it between the toes.
- Put on clean, dry socks to lock in moisture and protect your feet.
Are There Safe Ways to Manage Foot Calluses When You Have Diabetes?
Calluses may seem harmless, but they can turn into ulcers if you have diabetes. Never try to remove a callus or corn yourself, as it can cause injuries that are slow to heal. The safest approach is to let a podiatrist trim your calluses and show you how to prevent them from returning.
The Diabetic's Guide to Callus Care
- Soak feet in warm water for 5-10 minutes to soften skin.
- Gently rub calluses with a pumice stone using light pressure.
- Apply moisturizing lotion to keep skin supple.
- See a podiatrist regularly for safe callus removal.
- Wear shoes that fit well and don't rub to prevent calluses from forming.
What's the Best Way to Cut Your Toenails if You Have Diabetes?
Improperly cut nails can lead to ingrown toenails and infections. However, loss of feeling may make it difficult to trim your nails safely on your own. If you can't feel your feet well or see clearly, let a podiatrist handle your toenail trimming.
Dos and Don'ts of Diabetic Toenail Trimming
- DO cut nails straight across with clean clippers.
- DON'T round the corners or cut too short.
- DO gently file rough edges with an emery board.
- DON'T dig under the nails.
- DO have a podiatrist trim your nails if you can't feel your feet or see well.
- DON'T soak your feet before trimming—this can make nails too soft and lead to tears.
Making these habits part of your daily routine is one of the best ways to prevent diabetic foot problems. However, if you notice any sores, swelling, discoloration, or numbness, notify your podiatrist. At Marvel Foot & Ankle Centers, our experienced podiatrists can help you get back on the path to healthier feet. With proper care and vigilance, you can avoid serious complications and enjoy your life to the fullest.